Term | Meaning |
| Adhan | The Islamic call to prayer. |
| Ahlul Bayt | The family of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Akhirah | The afterlife in Islamic belief. |
| Alhamdulillah | “Praise be to Allah” – expressing gratitude. |
| Allahu Akbar | “Allah is the Greatest” – used in prayers and expressions of faith. |
| Angels (Mala’ika) | Spiritual beings created by Allah, without free will. |
| AS (Alayhis Salaam) | “Peace be upon him” – used for Prophets other than Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Astaghfirullah | “I seek forgiveness from Allah.” |
| Barakah | Blessings and divine abundance. |
| Bismillah | “In the name of Allah” – said before starting anything. |
| Dawah | Inviting others to Islam through education and preaching. |
| Dua | Supplication or personal prayer to Allah. |
| Dunya | The worldly life, in contrast to the hereafter (Akhirah). |
| Fatwa | A religious ruling or verdict based on Islamic law. |
| Fiqh | Islamic jurisprudence (understanding of Islamic laws). |
| Fitna | Trials, tribulations, or discord. |
| Fitrah | The natural state of purity and belief in Allah. |
| Ghusl | Full-body purification after major impurity. |
| Hadith | The sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Hafiz | A person who has memorized the entire Qur’an. |
| Hajj | The pilgrimage to Mecca, obligatory for those who can afford it. |
| Halal | Permissible according to Islamic law. |
| Haram | Forbidden in Islam. |
| Hijab | Modest dress, often referring to a headscarf worn by Muslim women. |
| Ijma | Consensus of Islamic scholars on religious matters. |
| Iman | Faith or belief in Islam. |
| Insha’Allah | “If Allah wills” – expressing hope for the future. |
| Iqama | The call immediately before the congregational prayer starts. |
| Istighfar | Seeking forgiveness from Allah. |
| Istikhara | A prayer for seeking guidance from Allah in making decisions. |
| Islam | The religion of submission to the will of Allah. |
| Jahannam | Hellfire in the afterlife. |
| Jannah | Paradise in the afterlife. |
| Jinn | Beings created from smokeless fire, mentioned in the Qur’an. |
| Khalifa (Caliph) | A leader of the Muslim community after the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Kufr | Disbelief in Allah or denial of Islamic teachings. |
| Madhhab | A school of Islamic legal thought (e.g., Hanafi, Shafi’i, Maliki, Hanbali). |
| Maqam | A spiritual station or level of closeness to Allah. |
| Maqasid al-Shariah | The objectives of Islamic law, such as justice, mercy, and wisdom. |
| Masjid | Mosque – a place of worship for Muslims. |
| Mufti | A scholar who issues religious rulings (fatwas). |
| Muezzin | The person who calls the Adhan (call to prayer). |
| Muslim | A follower of Islam. |
| PBUH (Peace Be Upon Him) | A phrase used after mentioning Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Qadr (Taqdeer) | Divine destiny or predestination. |
| Qur’an | The holy book of Islam, revealed to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| RA (RadiAllahu Anhu/Anha/Anhum) | “May Allah be pleased with him/her/them” – used after the names of the Prophet’s companions. |
| Rizq | Sustenance or provision from Allah. |
| Ruqyah | Islamic healing through recitation of the Qur’an and supplications. |
| Sabr | Patience and perseverance. |
| Sadaqah | Voluntary charity given for the sake of Allah. |
| Salat (Salah) | The five daily prayers performed by Muslims. |
| Sahaba | The companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Sawm | Fasting during the month of Ramadan. |
| Seerah | The biography of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Shaikh/Shaykh | A respected Islamic scholar or teacher. |
| Shahada | The declaration of faith: “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger.” |
| Shirk | Associating partners with Allah, which is a major sin in Islam. |
| Shukr | Gratitude towards Allah. |
| Sirat al-Mustaqeem | The Straight Path – referring to the righteous way of life in Islam. |
| SubhanAllah | “Glory be to Allah” – said in awe or praise. |
| Sunnah | The way of life prescribed by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). |
| Tabi’un | The generation that followed the companions of the Prophet (PBUH). |
| Tafsir | The explanation or interpretation of the Qur’an. |
| Tahajjud | A voluntary late-night prayer. |
| Takbir | Saying “Allahu Akbar” (Allah is the Greatest). |
| Tasbeeh | Glorification of Allah, often repeated (e.g., SubhanAllah, Alhamdulillah, Allahu Akbar). |
| Tawheed | The concept of monotheism (oneness of Allah). |
| Tazkiyah | Purification of the soul. |
| Taqwa | Consciousness of Allah and piety. |
| Ulama | Islamic scholars. |
| Umrah | A non-mandatory pilgrimage to Mecca, which can be performed anytime. |
| Wudu | Ritual purification (ablution) before prayer. |
| Zakat | Obligatory charity given by eligible Muslims (2.5% of savings). |
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